Improving the Solubility of Algerian Olive Leaf Extract, Enhancing Antibacterial Activities, and Preserving Bovine Sperm Viability Through Optimized Cyclodextrins Encapsulation Process

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Olive leaf extract (OLE) possesses potent antioxidant properties crucial for safeguarding sperm, especially during cryopreservation. However, its limited solubility in aqueous solutions hampers optimal protective effects. This study aimed to optimize the extraction technique for OLE and enhance its solubility through the utilization of cyclodextrins. Methods: The optimized extraction conditions were characterized, with a primary focus on solubility. Subsequently, the impact on both sperm motility protection and the antibacterial potential effect was assessed. Results and Discussion: The optimal conditions involved using 20 g of olive leaves with an agitation duration of 60 minutes, yielding 368.509 EAG/mg dry extract of phenolic compounds. Encapsulation of OLE in cyclodextrins not only demonstrated an enhanced antibacterial effect but also showed a significant positive influence on sperm motility after 48 hours of preservation. Conclusion: This study highlights the effectiveness of cyclodextrin preparation as a viable strategy to improve OLE solubility, offering significant protection to spermatozoa during cryopreservation, along with an enhanced antibacterial effect.