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    The petroleum-degrading bacteria Alcaligenes aquatilis strain YGD 2906 as a potential source of lipopeptide biosurfactant
    (Fuel_ELSEVIER, 2020-09-08) Drifa Yalaoui-Guellal ; Samira Fella-Temzi ; Salima Djafri-Dib ; Sunil Kumar Sahu ; Victor U. Irorere ; Ibrahim M. Banat et Khodir Madani
    Soummam river sediments were used to isolate a biosurfactant-producing and petroleum-degrading bacterium. The strain was identified as Alcaligenes aquatilis YGD 2906 using phenotypic characterization and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The culture supernatant of the isolated strain showed no haemolytic activity had an oiled displacement of 23.66 ± 0.57 mm and Emulsification index (E24) of 68.5% ± 0.5%. The biosurfactant produced in the minimal medium was extracted by acid precipitation and quantified gravimetrically, with a yield of 4.2 ± 0.01 g/L. The crude Biosurfactant was determinate by TLC and MALDI-TOF-MS as a lipopeptide with protein and lipid content of 8.49 ± 0.19% and 52.66 ± 1.16% respectively. This lipopeptide structure was confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS. This technique gave two main peak ranges which are typical of surfactins, iturins and fengycin. Tandem mass spectrometry was further used to elucidate the structure of the lipopeptide produced by the strain. The non-haemolytic nature of the lipopeptide produced by this strain offers opportunities for biomedical applications. Further work is needed to optimize production and analyze potential biomedical uses of this lipopeptide including antimicrobial properties.
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    Convective and microwave drying of coriander leaves: Kinetics characteristics and modeling, phenolic contents, antioxidant activity, and principal component analysis
    (Journal of Food Process Engineering_WILEY, 2021-11-23) Khokha Mouhoubi ; Lila Boulekbache-Makhlouf ; Wafa Mehaba ; Hayat Himed-Idir et Khodir Madani
    In this study, coriander leaves were subjected to two different drying techniques: con- vective (40, 80, and 120 C) and microwave (100, 500, and 1,000 W). The effects of both processes on the kinetic parameters variation, modeling, and phytochemical qual- ity were studied. Kinetic parameters variation showed that time reduction (2.53 min), high drying rate (3.08 kg water/kg dm min), and high diffusivity (1.21 10 10m2/s) were obtained during microwave drying. For energy consumption, an opposite trend was observed between the variation in the specific electrical energy consumption (SEC e ), which is significant during convective drying (208.33 10+ 07MJ/kg H 2 O), and the energy efficiency (EE), which is obtained during microwave one(12.16 10 03 %). The kinetic data modeling done on 23 empirical models allowed us$to choose the Sledz model as the best describing the drying kinetics of coriandersince it presented better predictive performances with .9947 < adjusted R2< .9995,0.0001 < χ 2< 0.0005, and 0.0070 < RMSE<0.0228 values. In relation to the bioac-tive compounds, the highest values of the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxi-dant activities (ABTs and DPPH) were observed during microwave drying with 0.37 mg GAE/mL, 83.33, and 71.94%, respectively. Correlations between kinetic parameters, energy consumption as well as phytochemical quality were established using principal component analysis (PCA). As a result, the innovative microwave pro-cess proved to be the best method for drying coriander leaves. Practical applications: The evolution of technological conservation processes has led to the development of a wide range of modern drying processes. The success of these processes can be explained by the many advantages attributed to them: shorter drying times, high drying rate, high energy efficiency, and product quality. The most difficult is the appropriate choice of a drying method with highly energy efficient and consumes less energy while maintaining the best quality. Fresh coriander leaves are widely used to flavor foods. However, they are highly perishable and require immediate processing or preservation. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare two drying processes, convective and microwave drying of coriander leaves based on kinetic data, modeling, calculation of moisture diffusivity and energy consumption, aswell as evaluation of the dried powders quality. The results obtained will be useful for the technological design of convective or microwave drying for coriander leaves preservation.
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    : POLLEN PROFILES, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF TWO HONEY SAMPLES FROM JIJEL CITY (ALGERIA)
    (The Annals of the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati Fascicle VI – Food Technology_Galati University Press, 2021-07-28) RABHA AYAD ; NADIA AMESSIS-OUCHEMOUKH ; SALIM OUCHEMOUKH ; KHODIR MADANI et LILA BOULEKBACHE-MAKHLOUF
    Honey is a sweet and flavorful animal product that comes from nectar and/or honeydew. It is used in different nutritional and therapeutic fields. This study aimed at the determination of the botanical origin, the physicochemical characteristics, and the antioxidant activities of two honey samples from two locations in Jijel City (Algeria). The analyzed honey complies with the standards of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. Pollen analysis showed that honey sample H1 was polyfloral and honey sample H2 was monofloral. Quality parameter analysis revealed that moisture content varied from 13.21 to 16.44%. The average pH was 4.34, and the electrical conductivity was 0.56 mS/cm. Protein, proline, and HMF contents were 32.08 mg EBSA/ 100 g, 435.47 mg/kg, and 3.49 mg/kg, respectively. Both analyzed kinds of honey were levorotatory. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids were found to be higher in honey H1 with 60.93 mg of EAG/100g and 20.92 mg of EC/100g, respectively. Results of antioxidant activities showed that honey H1 was much more effective in reducing iron and copper than honey H2 and gave the best total antioxidant capacity. In addition, the study of the antiradical activity against DPPH and ABTS revealed that honey H1 was able to scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals with 48.88 and 18.21 %, respectively.
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    Comparative mapping approach of energy intake and expenditure of obesity prevalence among school adolescents
    (Clinical Nutrition ESPEN_ ELSIVIER, 2021-04-07) Fouzia Yous; Salim Zaabar; Omar Aoun; Nawel Adjeroud-Abdellatif et Khodir Madani
    Objective: This study aims to describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in an obesogenic environment among adolescents in the wilaya of Bejaia (eastern Algeria), and to assess their Physical Activity Level (PAL), Daily Energy Expenditure (DEE) and Total Energy Intake (TEI). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 3038 adolescents consisting of 1635 girls and 1403 boys in middle and high schools in 19 regions of Bejaia. The average age was 14.78 ± 2.53. Two questionnaires were assigned to collect data on their nutritional habits (24-h dietary call) and physical activity levels. BMI measurement was adopted in this study to determine the weight status of this sample and to assess the distribution of BMI, PAL, DEE, TEI over geographical areas of an administrative territory using the Student test descriptive statistical method (p < 0.05). Results: The prevalence of obesity and overweight was equal to 3.3%, the physical activity level in adolescents was 1.72 ± 0.21, with boys more likely to participate in sports than girls (16.5% for boys and 6% for girls). However, energy intake (3775.44 ± 719.07 kcal/day), energy expenditure (3144.13 ± 850.54 kcal) and body mass index (30.51 ± 2.99 kg/m2 ) were high. Body mass index (BMI) is negatively correlated with PAL (r ¼0.05) and positively correlated with TEI (r ¼ 0.31) and DEE (r ¼ 0.30), these results show that DEE and TEI factors play an important role in the prevalence of BMI with excessive consumption of high carbohydrate (614.55 g) and fat (98.9 g) foods, which is due to poor diet and are related to insufficient level of physical activity. The mapping shows that there is a disparity between the studied parameters: high BMI, low PAL and consumption of unhealthy foods (DEE, TEI). Conclusion: The lack of physical activity and the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure are the main factors that could lead to an increased risk of obesity in adolescents
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    Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation of essential oil from fennel seeds: Optimization using Plackett–Burman design and response surface methodology
    (Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants_ ELSEVIER, 2021-04-05) Hayet Boudraa ; Nabil Kadri ; Lotfi Mouni et Khodir Madani
    The study aims to optimize the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) of Foeniculum vulgare seed essential oil (FSEO), for the purposes of maximizing efficiency and reducing costs in terms of time and energy. Plackett–Burman design (PBD) was investigated to screen the six different variables affecting FSEO extraction and select the most significant ones. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the interactions of the significant parameters and to determine optimal conditions. MAHD and the traditional hydrodistillation (HD) techniques were compared in terms of extraction efficiency, economic and environmental impacts, and chemical composition of the FSEO. The optimum conditions of the studied responses were particle size less than 333.4673 μm, at the irradiation time of 20 min and a microwave power of 305.9282 W with a solid-liquid ratio of 0.1477 g/mL. Gas Chromatography (GC) analysis showed that the FSEO composition in MAHD and HD is similar with slight differences. Therefore, the results show that the microwave-assisted hydrodistillation method is an innovative, economical and environmentally friendly approach to efficiently and safely extract essential oil an economic and green innovative approach to extract efficiently and safely the essential oil (EO).