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    Influence of convective and microwave drying on Algerian blood orange slices: Drying kinetics and characteristics, modeling, and drying energetics
    (JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESS ENGINEERING, 2022-10-17) Khadidja Adel Abderrahim , Hocine Remini , Farid Dahmoune , Khokha Mouhoubi , Farida Berkani, Amina Abbou, Omar Aoun , Sofiane Dairi , Amine Belbahi , Nabil Kadri , Khodir Madani
    This research work aims to explore for the first time the effect of two drying processes on Algerian blood oranges (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck): microwave(200, 400, 600, and 800 W) and convective(40 C, 60 C, 80 C, 100 C, and 120 C), on drying characteris- tics. The drying time was reduced from 90 min at 120 C (rate of 2.00 10 2 kgH2O/ kg dm.min) to 13 min at 800 W microwave output (rate of 28.86 10 2 kgH2O/ kg dm.min). The drying data were fitted to 38 models. Sledz et al. and Midilli and Kucuk models were found to be the best fit to describe drying kinetics for microwave and convective, respectively. The effective diffusivity ranged from 2.07 10 9 to 15.67 10 9 m2/s for microwave and from 0.07 10 9 to 1.97 10 9 m2/s for con- vective drying. The activation energy was estimated to be 8.871 W/g and 33.7 kJ/mol for microwave and convective respectively. The highest energy consumption was obtained by convective drying (0.49 107 MJ/kgH2O) whereas the highest energy yield was obtained by microwave drying (36.93 10–2%). Practical Applications Due to the great variability of drying techniques, it is difficult to design the best pro- cess for a given product. When choosing a process, several parameters must be con- sidered including precise process control, short drying time, low energy consumption, and high energy efficiency. Blood orange is a seasonal variety, to make it available, drying is one of the most used techniques. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare two drying processes of blood orange slices (microwave, convective). The results of this research allowed to select an alternative technique (microwave) to manufacture dehydrated orange slices that could be useful to facilitate their use out off-season in the formulation of different food products, food fortification, and phar- maceutical industry. Novelty Impact Statement: Two conventional and innovative drying methods were applied to dry blood orange slices, and in terms of kinetic results and modeling. The models of Midilli and Kucuk and Sledz were best suited for convective and micro- wave drying, respectively. Microwaves provide faster drying, low energy consump- tion, and high energy efficiency.
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    Improving camphor solubility and stability through α-cyclodextrin encapsulation: characterization, cytotoxicity investigation, and bull sperm preservation evaluation
    (Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2025-05-22) Hayet Ahlem Lezrag · Sofiane Fatmi  · Lamia Taouzinet · Zahra Toutou · Katarzyna Pokajewicz  · Farid Ait Merzeg  · Mohamed Skiba  · Piotr P. Wieczorek  · Mokrane Iguerouada
    Camphor, a crystalline white substance with diverse biological benefits, faces limitations in human health applications due to its volatile and hydrophobic nature, which impedes its solubility and stability. This study addresses these challenges by investigating the encapsulation of camphor within various cyclodextrins (CDs), particularly focusing on α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), to enhance its solubility and protect it from environmental degradation. The formation of camphor-CD inclusion complexes was confirmed through a combination of infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ther mogravimetric analysis (TGA). Among the CDs tested, α-CD demonstrated the highest efficiency, achieving a solubility coefficient of 23.38 M⁻¹ and inclusion efficiencies of 24.37% and 34.63% for 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometries, respectively. Biological evaluations revealed that the Camphor/α-CD complex exhibited significant preservative effects on sperm motil ity at low concentrations while demonstrating a toxic effect on red blood cells. Additionally, the complex showed promis ing radical scavenging activity as assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. These findings suggest that camphor, when complexed with α-CD, holds considerable potential for novel applications in drug delivery and cryopreservation technologies.
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    Optimizing adsorption efficiency: A novel application of SVM_Boosting_IGWO for methylene blue dye removal using low-cost fruit peels adsorbents
    (Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 2025-02-10) Nasma Bouchelkia , Hichem Tahraoui , Kheira Benazouz , Amal Mameri , Reguia Boudraa , Hamza Moussa , Nadia Hamri , Ryma Merdoud , Hayet Belkacemi , Abdelhalim Zoukel , Abdeltif Amrane , Mohammed Kebir , Lotfi Mouni
    In this work, the potential for employing orange peels (OP) and potato peels (PP) as biosorbents to remove the methylene blue dye (MB) from aqueous solutions is studied. Several physicochemical methods, such as FTIR, SEM-EDX, X-ray diffraction, and pH point of zero charge measurement, were used to analyze the adsorbents. FTIR analysis revealed changes in peak intensities after dye adsorption. SEM analysis confirmed the presence of starch in the PP adsorbent, while no apparent pore structure was observed in the OP adsorbent. EDX analysis showed that carbon and oxygen were the main components on the surfaces of OP and PP. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that both adsorbents were amorphous materials. The impact of different factors, including adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, initial dye concentration, pH and particle size, on the biosorption process was studied. Kinetic studies revealed that equilibrium was reached within a few minutes of contact, and the MB removal followed the pseudo-second-order model.Furthermore, a novel predictive model combining Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Boosting and the Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer (IGWO) algorithm was developed. The SVM-IGWO-Boosting model exhibited excellent performance in predicting methylene blue adsorption, demonstrating perfect correlation and low prediction error. The IGWO optimization approach effectively optimized the input parameters for the adsorbents, resulting in excellent agreement between exper imental and predicted values. Moreover, OP showed higher efficiency in removing methylene blue compared to PP, with a maximum capacity of 111.75 mg/g for OP and 96.67 mg/g for PP using IGWO. The use of orange peels and potato peels as agricultural waste for methylene blue removal offers an efficient and sustainable solution. The SVM-IGWO-Boosting predictive model, in conjunction with the IGWO optimization approach, provides a promising tool for predicting and optimizing the adsorption efficiency of MB adsorbents. These findings present valuable prospects for real-world applications requiring accurate and reliable predictions.
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    Prevalence of childhood overweight – obesity and associated factors: A school‑based, cross‑sectional study northern Algeria
    (Nutrire, 2025-05-22) Salim Zaabar  · Mohammed Khalil Mellal  · Mustapha Aourir · Belkacem Zennache  · Sofiane Boudalia · Zoubeida Meghlaoui · Lynda Messaoudene · Yasmine Brahimi  · Nassim Madi · Khokha Mouhoubi  · Amina Abbou  · Lamia Medouni  · Zahia Brara · Sabiha Bechir  · Khodir Madani
    Abstract Purpose To determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity and stunting among primary schoolchildren, and the associated factors. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted from February to September 2023 across 577 primary schools in Bejaia Province, Northern Algeria. Schoolchildren’s anthropometric measurements (weight and height) were obtained through direct physical assessments and were subsequently used to classify their weight and growth status according to WHO growth refer ence standards. Dietary habits school environment, and physical activity levels were obtained using survey questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between overweight/obesity and factors including dietary habits, physical activity, and the school environment. Results Overall, 446 (77.3%) primary schools participated in the study yielding a sample of 14,283 schoolchildren aged 9–13 years. Boys had a higher prevalence of obesity and severe obesity compared to girls. Overweight prevalence peaked at age 10 in girls (23.11%, 95% CI: 21.42–24.85%) while obesity peaked in boys at age 9 (18.80%, 95% CI: 11.14–28.76%). Obesity was strongly associated with stunting, particularly in boys (aOR=5.78, 95% CI: 4.41–7.66, p<0.001). Engagement in sportive activities was associated with lower overweight/obesity prevalence, while frequent snacking showed positive associations. Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in urban and suburban schools compared to rural settings. Conclusion This study reveals concerning patterns of childhood overweight/obesity and stunting in northern Algeria, high lighting the urgent need for targeted public health interventions addressing nutritional education and physical activity promotion.
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    Assessment of the Antibacterial Potential and Safety Profile of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Isolated from Algerian Raw Milk
    (Asian journal of Dairy and food Research, 2025-05-22) Mohamed Amine Hammadeche , Nassim Madi , Karima Aoues , Amel Kaced , Amel Doumandji
    Background: Raw milk harbors most lactic acid bacteria. Research in this field is a hot topic with the aim of using them for probiotic and/or technological applications. Methods: Lactic acid bacteria were isolated on MRS and M17 media. Antibacterial activity was tested by the direct method based on spots against four food-borne pathogens. Isolates demonstrating high antibiosis activity were selected following a statistical analysis (Two-way-ANOVA) and identified by MALDI-TOF MS. The safety profile was assessed by sensitivity to antibiotics, hemolytic activity, the ability to produce gelatinase and DNase and finally, the aptitude of lactic strains to form biogenic amines. Result: A total of 172 strains were isolated, of which 103 were presumed to be lactic acid bacteria. The results of the antibacterial activity demonstrated that 82 strains exerted an antagonistic effect against all reference strains and 12 of these showed significant antibiosis activity. Selected strains were identified as Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis (50%) and Enterococcus faecium (50%). All strains of Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis (LMMDR33, LMMDR06, LMMDR22, LMMDR26, LMMDR05 and LMMDR23) and strains LMMDR27, LMMDR16 and LVBBR13 of Enterococcus faecium demonstrated a good safety profile. They were retained for valorization